CONVERSIONS AND SIGNALS

TUESDAY, 15 OCTOBER 2019

LEARNING: 

In this class I learned how to make conversions between decimal, binary, octal and hexadecimal numbers, I learned how to use the abacus for these processes and I learned how useful it is to have an instrument of these at hand, Professor Christian taught us different methods to perform the conversions and see which one we adapted better, conversions are interesting to understand how each numerical system works.

homework:

1. How is the conversion from analog to digital signal performed?
2. What is the resolution?

Resolution

In computing, the concept of resolution can refer to both images on a screen or monitor, but in any case it is related to the quality of the image that is reproduced to be perceived by the human eye.

The screen resolution is defined by the number or amount that can be displayed on it. This means that more pixels, more resolution and, therefore, better image quality. This type of resolution is the product of the relationship between rows (Y) and columns (X) of the monitor.

On the other hand, image resolution also refers to the level of detail and definition that can be seen in a digital image.

This type of resolution is very highly analyzed in digital photography, since both cameras and image capture and reproduction equipment base their quality and price on the level of resolution they grant.

Digital analog conversion resolution

En el mundo real, las señales analógicas (comunes por todos lados) varían constantemente. Estas señales pueden variar lentamente como la temperatura o muy rápidamente como una señal de audio.

What happens with analog signals is that they are very difficult to manipulate, save and then recover with accuracy. If this analog information is converted to digital information, it could be handled without problem and can be saved with great ease.

The manipulated information can then return to its original analog value, with a DAC (Digital to Analog converter).

You have to define how accurately the conversion between the analog and digital signal will be, for which the resolution that it will have will be defined. First, the maximum number of output bits (the digital output) is defined.

This data allows to determine the maximum number of combinations in the digital output. This maximum number is given by: 2n where n is the number of bits.

ADC - Digital Analog Converter - Unicrom Electronics.

The resolution is also understood as the necessary voltage (analog signal) to achieve a less significant bit change in the output (digital signal) (LSB). LSB means: Least Significant Bit. To find the resolution the formula is used: Resolution = ViFS / [2n - 1], where:

n = is the number of bits that the Digital Analog Converter has

ViFS = is the voltage to be placed at the input of the ADC converter, to obtain a maximum conversion (all outputs will be equal to “1”.

Example
If you have a 4-bit analog-to-digital converter (CAD) and the input voltage range is 0 to 15 volts. With n = 4 and ViFS = 15 Volts






The resolution will be = ViFS / [2n -1] = 15 / [24 -1] = 15/15 = 1 volt / variation in the least significant bit. This means that a change of 1 volt at the input will cause a less significant bit (LSB) change at the output. In this case this bit is D0. See the following table.

https://www.definicionabc.com/tecnologia/resolucion.php
https://unicrom.com/convertidor-analogico-digital-cad-adc/